All Publications
Computational design of de novo integrated domains enables rational control of pathogen effector recognition in plant NLR immune receptors
Xi, Y., Bucknell, A.H., Watson, J.L., Maqbool, A., Bennett, J.W., Goreshnik, I., Vafeados, D., Garcia Sanchez, M., Knight, G., Zdrzałek, R., Rodney, C.A., Saado, I., Stone, C.E., Turley, E.K., Yu, D.S., Gentle, A., Ryder, L.S., Yan, X., Were, V., Heddle, J., Baker, D., Emmrich, P.M.F., Talbot, N.J., Banfield, M.J., Bentham, A.R. · bioRxiv, 2026
De novo designed binders (RFdiffusion, ProteinMPNN) integrated into the Pikm-1 NLR chassis, with X-ray crystal structures confirming side-chain accuracy. Reports that binding and signal relay are separable properties of an integrated domain.
Preprint · under review
Protein design
Plant immunity
How to frustrate a plant pathogen
Knight, G., Heddle, J., Bentham, A.R. · The Plant Journal, 2026
A review of SUSS effector families and surface frustration as a route to identifying broad-spectrum resistance targets.
Focused Review · The Plant Journal
Effector biology
Structural biology
A potato late blight pathogen effector interacts with ENTH-domain protein TOL9a and an activated helper NLR to suppress immunity
Madhuprakash, J., Toghani, A., Pai, H., Harvey, M., Bentham, A.R., Seager, B.A., Yuen, E.L.H., De la Concepción, J.C., Lawson, D.M., Stevenson, C.E.M., Vergara-Cruces, A., Derevnina, L., Bozkurt, T.O., Banfield, M.J., Kamoun, S., Contreras, M.P. · Science Advances, 2026
Research
Effector biology
Plant immunity
Getting started with ChimeraX
Bentham, A.R. · Zenodo, 2026
An introductory tutorial to UCSF ChimeraX for researchers new to structural biology, covering model manipulation, visualising contacts and interfaces, and interpreting AlphaFold predictions.
Teaching resource
Structural biology
Molecular tools
Sanctuary: a Starship transposon facilitating the movement of the virulence factor ToxA in fungal wheat pathogens
Bucknell, A., Wilson, H.M., Gonçalves dos Santos, K.C., Simpfendorfer, S., Milgate, A., Germain, H., Solomon, P.S., Bentham, A., McDonald, M.C. · mBio, 2025
Research
Fungal genomics
Plant pathology
The Magnaporthe oryzae effector Pwl2 alters HIPP43 localization to suppress host immunity
Were, V.M., Yan, X., Foster, A.J., Sklenar, J., Langner, T., Gentle, A., Sahu, N., Bentham, A., Zdrzałek, R., Ryder, L.S., Kaimenyi, D.K., Gómez De La Cruz, D., Petit-Houdenot, Y., Eseola, A.B., Smoker, M., Bautista, M.J., Ma, W., Kourelis, J., Maclean, D., Banfield, M.J., Kamoun, S., Menke, F.L.H., Moscou, M.J., Talbot, N.J. · The Plant Cell, 2025
Research
Effector biology
Plant immunity
Complexity of the lichen symbiosis revealed by metagenome and transcriptome analysis of Xanthoria parietina
Tagirdzhanova, G., Scharnagl, K., Sahu, N., Yan, X., Bucknell, A., Bentham, A.R., Jégousse, C., Ament-Velásquez, S.L., Onuţ-Brännström, I., Johannesson, H., MacLean, D., Talbot, N.J. · Current Biology, 2025
Research
Genomics
Symbiosis
CATION AMINO ACID TRANSPORTER1 encodes an arginine transporter whose expression is influenced by daylength and Photoperiod-1
Pasquariello, M., Qu, Y., Gauley, A., Bentham, A., Dixon, L.E., Boden, S.A. · Annals of Botany, 2025
Research
Plant genetics
Crop science
Bioengineering a plant NLR immune receptor with a robust binding interface toward a conserved fungal pathogen effector
Zdrzałek, R., Xi, Y., Langner, T., Bentham, A.R., Petit-Houdenot, Y., De la Concepcion, J.C., Harant, A., Shimizu, M., Were, V., Talbot, N.J., Terauchi, R., Kamoun, S., Banfield, M.J. · PNAS, 2024
Research
NLR engineering
Plant immunity
The WY domain of an RxLR effector drives interactions with a host target phosphatase to mimic host regulatory proteins and promote Phytophthora infestans infection
Bentham, A.R., Wang, W., Trusch, F., Varden, F.A., Birch, P.R.J., Banfield, M.J. · Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 2024
Research
Effector biology
Structural biology
Allelic compatibility in plant immune receptors facilitates engineering of new effector recognition specificities
Bentham, A.R., De la Concepcion, J.C., Vega Benjumea, J., Kourelis, J., Jones, S., Mendel, M., Stubbs, J., Stevenson, C.E.M., Maidment, J.H.R., Youles, M., Zdrzałek, R., Kamoun, S., Banfield, M.J. · The Plant Cell, 2023
Research
NLR engineering
Plant immunity
Pathways to engineering plant intracellular NLR immune receptors
Zdrzałek, R., Stone, C., De la Concepcion, J.C., Banfield, M.J., Bentham, A.R. · Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2023
Review
NLR engineering
Plant immunity
Effector target-guided engineering of an integrated domain expands the disease resistance profile of a rice NLR immune receptor
Maidment, J.H.R., Shimizu, M., Bentham, A.R., Vera, S., Franceschetti, M., Longya, A., Stevenson, C.E.M., De la Concepcion, J.C., Białas, A., Kamoun, S., Terauchi, R., Banfield, M.J. · eLife, 2023
Research
NLR engineering
Structural biology
A blast fungus zinc-finger fold effector binds to a hydrophobic pocket in host Exo70 proteins to modulate immune recognition in rice
De la Concepcion, J.C., Fujisaki, K., Bentham, A.R., Cruz Mireles, N., Sanchez de Medina Hernandez, V., Shimizu, M., Lawson, D.M., Kamoun, S., Terauchi, R., Banfield, M.J. · PNAS, 2022
Research
Effector biology
Structural biology
A single amino acid polymorphism in a conserved effector of the multihost blast fungus pathogen expands host-target binding spectrum
Bentham, A.R., Petit-Houdenot, Y., Win, J., Chuma, I., Terauchi, R., Banfield, M.J., Kamoun, S., Langner, T. · PLOS Pathogens, 2021
Research
Effector biology
Molecular evolution
Perception of structurally distinct effectors by the integrated WRKY domain of a plant immune receptor
Mukhi, N., Brown, H., Gorenkin, D., Ding, P., Bentham, A.R., Stevenson, C.E.M., Jones, J.D.G., Banfield, M.J. · PNAS, 2021
Research
Structural biology
Plant immunity
pOPIN-GG: a resource for modular assembly in protein expression vectors
Bentham, A.R., Youles, M., Mendel, M.N., Varden, F.A., De la Concepcion, J.C., Banfield, M.J. · bioRxiv, 2021
Preprint · methods resource
Protein expression
Molecular tools
Plant NLRs get by with a little help from their friends
Feehan, J.M., Castel, B., Bentham, A.R., Jones, J.D.G. · Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2020
Review
NLR biology
Plant immunity
A molecular roadmap to the plant immune system
Bentham, A.R., De la Concepcion, J.C., Mukhi, N., Zdrzałek, R., Draeger, M., Gorenkin, D., Hughes, R.K., Banfield, M.J. · Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2020
Review
Plant immunity
Immune receptors